Ans. India, with democratic institutions, performed moderately, but agriculture remains the primary source of income for the vast majority of its people. Many parts of the country lack infrastructure. It has yet to improve the standard of living for more than one-fourth of its population, which lives in poverty.
On the other hand, the lack of political freedom and its consequences in China has been a major source of concern over the last two decades. The country used the market system without losing political commitment and succeeded in increasing growth while alleviating poverty. China took advantage of the market mechanism to create new social and economic opportunities. The country has also maintained collective farming, known as the Commune System, to ensure social security in rural areas. Prior to the implementation of economic reforms, public investment in social infrastructure produced positive results in China’s human development indicators.