HARITHA,SUBJECT MATTER EXPERT at Edumarz
Solution:In progenies,equal genetic contribution by both male and female parents is ensured by an equal number of chromosomes.In sexual reproduction,an equal number of chromosomes are inherited from both male and female parents.In asexual reproduction it does not happen.
Chromosomes in humans
In humans chromosomes are present as 23 pairs that is a total 46 chromosomes.23 pairs of chromosomes in humans includes 22 pairs of autosomes and a pair of sex chromosomes, X and Y.Sex chromosomes are responsible for determining the sex of the child.Females contains XX chromosomes and males contains XY chromosomes.
In sexual reproduction male gamete and female gamete combine to form a diploid zygote.
Chromosome structure
Chromosomes are found as a thread like structure in the nucleus of the cell. It is also responsible for transferring genetic information from one generation to another. A chromosome is formed of chromatin. The main regions of the chromosome include chromatids, centromeres, kinetochore, telomeres, satellites, chromatin etc.
Source:https://unsplash.com/s/photos/chromosome
Functions of chromosome
It helps in transferring genetic information from one generation to another
Helps in the division of cells.
It also produces daughter cells
It helps in holding proteins and DNA.
Helps in the replication process.
Controls heredity