-Anushree Ojha, Subject Matter Expert at Edumarz
Solution: The following are the essential characteristics of bureaucracy:
(i) Functioning of officials – This refers to the fact that officials have defined areas of jurisdiction and are governed by rules and laws. Officials’ tasks are defined by the authority they have, and they must work under the direction of higher authorities. The officials are selected based on their qualifications.
(ii) Hierarchical Positioning – The officers’ authority is arranged in a top-down hierarchy.
(iii) Written Document Reliance – Written documents are used to carry out the organization’s administration. Records are kept for future reference, and decisions are made in stages.
(iv) Office Management – Office management is a specialized activity that requires officers who are qualified and skilled.