-Kumudinee, Subject Matter Expert at Edumarz.
Solution: A flower is nothing but the reproductive part or unit of angiosperms.
Flowers are involved in sexual reproduction in flowering plants.
A typical flower is a modified stem with a condensed axis.
A flower consists of four different parts namely, the calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium.
An androecium and a gynoecium represent the male and female reproductive organs of a flower respectively.
the flowers consisting both androecium and gynoecium are called as bisexual, while unisexual flowers contain either gynoecium or androecium.
The corolla and the calyx are generally distinct, but sometimes fused and called perianth.
A flower containing all four floral parts is called a complete flower.
Four major Parts of flowers:
(A) The calyx: it forms the outermost whorl of a flower and contains sepals. These are green, leaf–like structures which cover and protect the flowers during its bud stage.
Free sepals of a flow are called polysepalous, while fused sepals of a flower are called gamosepalous.
(B) The corolla: it is the inner layer of a flower that lies inside the calyx.
It contains beautifully and brightly coloured petals, which are helpful to attract insects for pollination.
free petals are called polypetalous, while fused petals are called gamopetalous.
(C) The androecium or the stamen:it is the male reproductive part of a flower. It consists of two parts, the stalk filament and the bilobed anther.
Meiosis and generation of pollen grains takes place inside the bilobed anther.
(D) Gynoecium: it is the female reproductive part of a flower. It consists of an ovary. The ovary is connected by a long tube called style to the stigma.
The ovary bears numerous ovules attached to the placenta.
