Bhawna Bhardwaj,Subject matter expert at Edumarz
Solution-Speciation is the process of the formation of new species from the existing species during evolution.
The important factors which lead to the formation of the new species are the following-
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Natural selection
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Genetic drift
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Geographical isolation
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Reproductive isolation
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Mutation
Explanation–
Natural selection-The process through which populations of living creatures adapt and change is known as natural selection. Natural selection can result in speciation or the emergence of a new and distinct species from an existing one.
Genetic drift-Genetic drift is a mechanism that leads to speciation. It is the mechanism in which a change in the gene pool of a small population occurs by chance.
Geographical isolation-Geographical isolation is the method of isolation in which a group of individuals is separated from its kind due to physical barriers like mountains, rivers, etc to avoid the exchange of genetic materials.
Reproductive isolation -Reproductive isolation is the isolation of members of the same species due to differences in timings of various activities like foraging.
Mutation-Mutation is a very important factor in the formation of new species. The mutation is a
change in a DNA sequence of an individual.
