Akanksha Soni, Academic Content writer at Edumarz
The sexual mode of reproduction is involves of two individuals of two different sexes i.e. one male and other female. During sexual mode of reproduction, male sex organs produces male gametes are known as sperms which are small and motile and the female organism having female sex organs are known as ova or ovum which are generally large, store food, and non-motile. These male and female gametes are fuse to form a zygote that develops into new organisms. Sexual mode of reproduction contains both plants as well as animals. The significance of sexual mode of reproduction are as follows:-
✓Sexual mode of reproduction involves DNA as well as cellular material of two different organsisms which promotes diversity of traits or characters in the offspring.
✓Sexual gametes are derived from two different organisms; it results in a new combination of genes which increases the chances of genetic variation.
✓Sexual mode of reproduction results in the origin of new species.
✓ Sexual mode of reproduction involves division in the sex organs that reduces the DNA matter to half so that the zygote formed after fusion has the same amount of DNA as the parent organimsms it maintains DNA in species.
✓Sexual mode of reproduction is that it impedes the accumulation of genetic mutation.
✓It is a process of natural selection in which some individuals out reproduce others of a population because they are better at securing mates for sexual reproduction.
✓In this process, Combining variations from two or more individuals would thus found new combinations of variants. But it creates a major issue. If each new generation is to be the combination of the DNA copies from two precede individuals, then each new generation will end up having twice the amount of DNA that the previous generation had. This is likely to mess up the control of the cellular material by the DNA. The solution is that many multicellular organisms have found special lineages of cells in specialized organs in which only half the number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA as compared to the non-reproductive body cells. This process of cell division is known as meiosis . Thus, when these germ-cells from two individuals combine during sexual reproduction to form a new organisms.