Write short notes on

Solution:

a)Rites and secularization

It usually refers to the erosion of religion’s influence.

• Levels of involvement with religious organizations (such as church attendance), the social and material influence of religious organizations, and the degree to which people retain religious views have all been used as indicators of secularization.
• However, the prevalent idea that modern societies are growing more secular may not be totally correct.
• In India, a significant portion of ritual is dedicated to the pursuit of secular goals.
• Rituals have secular components, in that they give opportunities for men and women to interact with their peers and superiors.
• They have an opportunity to flaunt their family’s wealth, dress, and jewelry.
• The economic, political, and prestige components of ritual have been increasingly prominent in recent decades.

(b)Caste and Secularization

• The caste system in traditional India operated inside a religious framework, with purity and pollution belief systems at the heart of its practise. In India, caste organizations and caste-based political parties have emerged. They appear to be pressuring the government to meet their requests.
• The secularization of caste is the term used to characterize this shift in castle’s role. In India, the traditional social order was based on caste systems and identities. However, when it comes to the nexus between caste and politics, the doctrinaire moderniser has a terrible case of xenophobia. Politicians mobilize caste groupings and identities in order to organize their power.Politicians also approach other types of organizations and other bases of connection. And, like they do everywhere, they alter the form of such organization

(c)Gender and Sanskritisation

• For women, Sanskritisation promotes a traditional way of life, whereas for men, it is more permissive in terms of modernisation or westernization.
• The majority of Sanskritisation proponents support women’s lives within the four walls of their homes. They support or prefer women’s roles as mothers, sisters, and daughters, and they prefer women to marry with their parents’ agreement.